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Images and Videos

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Brennecke, T. (2023). Anti-Anti Hostile Architecture. [Online Photograph] Available at: https://parametric-architecture.com/anti-anti-hostile-architecture-simple-ways-for-inclusive-design/ [Accessed 24 Apr. 2024].

DC (2011). Hostile architecture in the form of bolts on the front steps of a building to discourage sitting and sleeping in Marseille. [Online Photograph] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hostile_architecture#/media/File:Boulons_anti-sdf_sur_un_perron_(Marseille,_France).jpg [Accessed 24 Apr. 2024].

Denver7 (2021). Advocates rally outside of All-Star Game to shed light on Denver’s homeless problem. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYb_GshTboQ [Accessed 28 Apr. 2024].

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Gastaldo, J. (2016). hostile architecture, jagged rocks, next to the walls of a freeway overpass in San Diego. [Online Photograph] San Diego Union-Tribune. Available at: https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-jagged-rocks-homeless-20160428-story.html [Accessed 24 Apr. 2024].

Imagine China/REX (2015). Concrete spikes under a road bridge in Guangzhou city, Guangdong, China. [Online Photograph] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/feb/18/defensive-architecture-keeps-poverty-undeen-and-makes-us-more-hostile [Accessed 23 Apr. 2024].

mobilpribadi.com (n.d.). Benches with curves and angles. [Online Photograph] Available at: https://www.arch2o.com/10-inhumane-hostile-architecture-examples/ [Accessed 23 Apr. 2024].

NEWS CENTER Maine (2023). Advocates rally in Portland for better homelessness policies on longest day of the year. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VObxyOoeD4Q&t=60s [Accessed 28 Apr. 2024].

Nylind, L. (2014). Seating on Euston Road, central London. [Online Photograph] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/feb/18/defensive-architecture-keeps-poverty-undeen-and-makes-us-more-hostile [Accessed 23 Apr. 2024].

Pomeroy, B. (2016). Benches built in a hostile design to make sure no one can lay on them and rest. [Online Photograph] Available at: http://barrypomeroy.com/blog/hostile-architecture-2/ [Accessed 24 Apr. 2024].

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Unpleasant Design (2016). blue restroom lighting to intravenous drug users. [Online Photograph] 99% Invisible. Available at: https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/unpleasant-design-hostile-urban-architecture/ [Accessed 24 Apr. 2024].